Damping is an influence within or upon an oscillatory system that has the effect of reducing, restricting or preventing its oscillations.
There are 4 types of damping:(in the order of the animations shown)
1. Under Damped System.
The system oscillates (at reduced frequency compared to the undamped case) with the amplitude gradually decreasing to zero.
2. Critically Damped System.
The system returns to equilibrium as quickly as possible without oscillating.
3. Over Damped System.
The system returns to equilibrium without oscillating.
4. Un-Damped System.
The system oscillates at its natural resonant frequency